The APPL family of proteins are involved in linking, trafficking and signaling downstream of tyrosine kinase receptors. APPL1, also designated adaptor protein containing pH domain, PTB domain and leucine zipper motif 1; APPL; or DCC interacting protein 13å (DIP13å), and APPL2, also designated adaptor protein containing pH domain, PTB domain and leucine zipper motif 2 or DCC interacting protein 13∫ (DIP13∫), are involved in the coupling of epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling and chromatin remodeling in the nucleus. They associate with GTPase Rab 5 and are released from the plasma membrane and translocated to the nucleus. In the nucleus, APPL1 and APPL2 associate with NuRD/MeCP1 and are essential for cell growth and proliferation. APPL2 also associates with follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR). APPL2 is highly expressed in heart, brain, skeletal muscle, and kidney. APPL2 shares 54% homology with APPL1